Items in Remembering Lincoln that are transcribed.

from Aug. 31, 1865

A Letter from Mary Todd Lincoln to Mrs. Anson G. Henry

  • Full Title

    A Letter from Mary Todd Lincoln to Mrs. Anson G. Henry

  • Description

    A Letter from Mary Todd Lincoln to Mrs. Anson G. Henry. Mrs. Henry's husband was a friend of Abraham Lincoln and the Surveyor General of Washington Territory at the time of Lincoln's death. Dr. Henry died on July 30, 1865. Mary Lincoln's letter expresses her sympathy for Mrs. Henry and her own grief for the death Dr. Henry and her husband.

  • Transcription

    Chicago, Aug 31st 1865.
    My very dear Mrs. Henry,


    Bowed down and broken hearted, and feeling so deeply for you, in your agonizing bereavement, I feel justified in approaching you at this time when we all feel I’ll alike crushed.


    We’ve have both been called upon to resign, to our Heavenly Father, two of the best men & the most devoted husbands that too unhappy women ever possessed.


    The terrible news that our beloved friend who so sympathized with us in our irreparable loss, is gone, has been received by us, only a day or two since. My sons and myself have been overcome, by the startling and heart rendering intelligence. We consider that we have lost our best & dearest friend. It has been my most ardent wish that Dr. Henry should have received an appointment in Washington, it would have been a great comfort to us, in our own overwhelming sorrow to have had you both near us. In this great trial, it is difficult, to be taught resignation, the only comfort, that remains to us is the blessed consolation, that our beloved ones, are rejoicing in their Heavenly Home, free from all earthly trials & in the holy presence of God & his angels, are singing the praises of the Redeemer. I long, to lay my own weary head, down to rest, by the side of my darling husband. I pray God, to grant me sufficient grace, to await his time, for I long, to be at rest. Without my idolized husband, I do not wish to remain on earth.


    Mr. Wm. T. Henry, called a day or two since. I was confined to my bed & did not see him. Robert saw him & he left, your telegram. Robert, immediately, wrote on to Washington, urging & pleading, for the appointment, of your son in law. We pray & trust the appeal, will be granted. You have no one, my dear friend, who could possibly feel for you, as I do, your grief is mine, in it, I am living over my own disconsolate state & the gratitude we feel for the dear Doctor’s recent sympathy, for us, in all things together with the great love, we all bore him, makes your troubles my own. How much, I wish, you lived nearer to us. We could then, weep, together over our dreary lot. The world, without my beloved husband & our best friend, is a sad and lonely place enough.

    Our poor little family, would be a gloomy picture, for any one to see, who has a heart to feel. It was a great trial, to me, when Dr. Henry left here in June, that I was unable to have access to some boxes, stored in the warehouse, where was deposited a cane of my husband’s, a large family Bible & some other things design for presentation, to the Dr. So soon as I can get to them, I shall avail myself, of the first opportunity, of sending them to you. I can offer you in conclusion, of this very sad letter, my dear Mrs. Henry, very little consolation, for I am so weary & heavy laden myself, over everything, concerning us both. I trust you will write me to me, for you are very dear to me, now & ever.


    With regards to your family, I remain always


    Your attached friend,


    Mary Lincoln.

    [Transcription by Alicia B., Ford's Theatre Society, and Janet Scanlon.]

  • Source

    Special Collections Research Center, University of Chicago Library

  • Rights

    This item is in the public domain and may be reproduced and used for any purpose, including research, teaching, private study, publication, broadcast or commercial use, with proper citation and attribution.

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    Mary Todd Lincoln. "A Letter from Mary Todd Lincoln to Mrs. Anson G. Henry". Remembering Lincoln. Web. Accessed May 5, 2025. https://rememberinglincoln.fords.org/node/1178

from Jun. 1, 1865

Letter from Francis Bicknell Carpenter to Sanford Thayer

  • Full Title

    Letter from Francis Bicknell Carpenter to Sanford Thayer

  • Description

    The portrait painter Francis Bicknell Carpenter lived in the White House with the Lincolns while working on "First Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln." Over a month after Lincoln's death he wrote a letter to fellow painter, Sanford Thayer, reflecting on his work in the White House and his relationship with and respect for Lincoln.

  • Transcription

    653 Broadway N.Y
    June 1st 1865

    My Dear Thayer,

    It is so long since you and I have written each other that I am in some doubt if you will recognize either the hand or the signature?

    I have thought of my duty to you a great many times – but as you perhaps know I have had a great deal upon my hands during the last year and half and have had so many business letters to write that my old friends have been neglected.

    I was in Washington six months, I worked so incessantly upon my large canvas, that the result was a sickness after I got the picture on exhibition which came near ending my work in this world. I was attacked with dropsy of the chest about 12 days after I opened the picture to the public. I was so sick that I have not until quite recently felt like painting in earnest. I am now hard at work again however

    My extensive undertaking is likely to turn out well though the picture is full of faults. It has been very popular & is now in Chicago. It may get around to Syracuse, one of these days.

    With the knowledge I have acquired, in studying and painting it, I feel that I could now take up such a subject and do much better. It was no “childs play” I assure you.

    I wish you could have known Mr. Lincoln. – I remember you had a great contempt for him when I last visited you, _ but if you could have seen him as I did and realized how simple he was in his great position, how little he was affected by what people thought and said, how earnest he was to do his best for the country, how perfectly true to himself under all circumstances – never affecting a dignity he did not possess, or assuming to be anything but homely, plain, common sense, “Mr. Lincoln, of Springfield Ill.” I believe if you could have seen all this, you would have come to have a sincere respect for him. As Tennyson says, “In his simplicity he was sublime.” Now that he is gone, people begun to appreciate, not only his great tenderness of heart and real goodness of nature, but his sagacity and wisdom.

    The exhibition this year is crowded with visitors as it has never been. The galleries are too narrow but on the whole the building presents a fine appearance. The pictures so-so. I have spent but little time there, as yet, and had no time to go through the catalogue carefully for you as of old but I send you a catalogue nevertheless. Can’t you come down and see for yourself.

    We are living in our own house #96 West 45th st. and would be very glad to see you and Mrs. Thayer at any time.

    With regard to her, as of old yours – Frank Carpenter

    [Transcription by Kristina Kynaston]

  • Source

    Special Collections Research Center, University of Chicago Library

  • Rights

    This item is in the public domain and may be reproduced and used for any purpose, including research, teaching, private study, publication, broadcast or commercial use, with proper citation and attribution.

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    Francis Bicknell Carpenter. "Letter from Francis Bicknell Carpenter to Sanford Thayer". Remembering Lincoln. Web. Accessed May 5, 2025. https://rememberinglincoln.fords.org/node/1174

from Apr. 24, 1865

Letter to Benjamin Thackara from A. M. Thackara, April 24, 1865.

  • Full Title

    Letter to Benjamin Thackara from A. M. Thackara, April 24, 1865.

  • Description

    A Letter from A. M. Thackara to his father Benjamin Thackara recounting Lincoln's funeral train's stop in Philadelphia.

  • Transcription

    Apr. 24, 1865

    Phila April 24/65
    Dear Pop

    We received your letter this morning, every time I come home from the store in the evenings Mother asks me if I had heard from you. Celie has been staying at our house ever since you left. We have grand times. Yesterday the Presidents body laid in state at Independence Hall. I never saw such a crowd in my life. They were four a beast from the State House to 21st Street. At 6th Street in the morning the policemen had a hard issue of it. They had to beat the people back with their clubs. In the afternoon a regiment of the Provost Guard came down. There was a double file across the street at charge bayonets. I did not get to see the body. Those that did see it say that he looked natural. There was a grand funeral escort given “him”. But it was so dark that we could not see much of it. Mr Miskey paraded with the Union League. There is a notice at home for you to parade, but of course you cannot do it. There are two letters from Dr. Stocker, one to you and another to Mr Miskey, which one enclosing a check for the amount of your bill $59.50. He wants several things. He says he is going to send you a couple of boxes to store for him. Meree wrote an order for 2 old stogies #4988. Those large chandeliers of which we have so many. While I was writing this there was a letter came for you which I will send to Columbus. That package of lithographs for Gilfillen & Sons Hartford has returned. I was at Church last evening and heard a splendid sermon from Mr Coukling on the wages of sins is death of course he spoke about the death of our beloved President. I think that General Sherman has just about killed himself for agreeing to such terms of capitulation with Joe Johnston but however I think Genl Grant will bring it all right. He went through here on his way to North Carolina. He bid his family good bye. The people are down on Sherman now. I think that I have told you all the news I can think of now. So good bye.

    From your Affectionate Son, A. M. Thackara

    P.S. Write to me

    [Transcription by Stephanie Dabek.]

  • Source

    Villanova University Digital Library Sherman Thackara

  • Rights

    This item is in the public domain and may be reproduced and used for any purpose, including research, teaching, private study, publication, broadcast or commercial use, with proper citation and attribution.

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    A. M. Thackara. "Letter to Benjamin Thackara from A. M. Thackara, April 24, 1865.". Remembering Lincoln. Web. Accessed May 5, 2025. https://rememberinglincoln.fords.org/node/1171

from Apr. 16, 1865

Lincoln's Assassination Told by an Eye Witness

  • Full Title

    Lincoln's Assassination Told by an Eye Witness

  • Description

    A letter written by Julia Adelaide Shepard who was in attendance at Ford's Theatre on April 14, 1865. She wrote to her father on the 16th recounting the Lincoln Assassination. It was printed in The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine Volume 77 (Nov. 1908 - April 1909)

  • Transcription

    LINCOLN’S ASSASSINATION
    TOLD BY AN EYE-WITNESS
    The letter which follows was written on the date given, by Miss Julia Adelaide Shepard, now living in Ogdensburg, New York. Miss Shepard is an aunt of the artist, Mr. Charles S. Chapman, through whose good offices we are enabled to make it public the first time. – THE EDITOR.
    “Hopeton” near Washington.
    April 16, 1865
    DEAR FATHER: - It is Friday night and we are at the theatre. Cousin Julia has just told me that the President is in yonder upper right hand private box so handsomely decked with silken flags festooned over a picture of Washington. The young and lovely daughter of Senator Harris is the only one of the party we can see, as the flags hide the rest. But we know that “Father Abraham” is there; like a father watching what interests his children, for their pleasure rather than his own. It has been announced in the papers that he would be there. How sociable it seems, like one family sitting around their parlor fire. How different this from the pomp and show of monarchial Europe. Every one has been so jubilant for days, since the surrender of Lee, that they laugh and shout at every clown-ish witticism. One of the actresses, whose part is that of a very delicate young lady, talks of wishing to avoid the draft, when her lover tells “not to be alarmed for there is no more draft, “ at which the applause is long and loud. The American cousin has just been making love to a young lady, who says she will never marry but for love, yet when her mother and herself find he has lost his property they retreat in disgust at the left of the stage, while the American cousin goes out at the right. We are waiting for the next scene.
    The report of a pistol is heard…. Is it all in the play? A man leaps from the President’s box, some ten feet, on to the stage. The truth flashes upon me. Brandishing a dagger he shrieks out “The South is avenged,” and rushes through the scenery. No one stirs. “Did you hear what he said, Julia? I believe he has killed the President.” Miss Harris is wringing her hands and calling for water. Another instant and the stage is crowded – officers, policemen, actors and citizens. “Is there a surgeon in the house?” they say. Several rush forward and with superhuman efforts climb up to the box. Minutes are hours, but see! they are bringing him out. A score of strong arms bear Lincoln’s loved form along. A glimpse of a ghastly face is all as they pass along…. Major Rathbone, who was of their party, springs forward to support [Mrs. Lincoln], but cannot. What is it? Yes, he too has been stabbed. Somebody says “Clear the house,” so every one else repeats “Yes, clear the house.” So slowly one party after another steals out. There is no need to hurry. On the stairs we stop aghast and with shuddering lips – “Yes, see, it is our President’s blood” all down the stairs and out upon the pavement. It seemed sacrilege to step near. We are in the street now. They have taken the President into the house opposite. He is alive, but mortally wounded. What are those people saying, “Secretary Seward and his son have had their throats cut in their own house.” Is it so? Yes, and the mur-derer of our President has escaped through a back alley where a swift horse stood awaiting him. Cavalry come dashing up the street and stand with drawn swords before yon house. Too late! too late! What a mockery armed men are now. Weary with the weight of woe the moments drag along and for hours delicate women stand cling-ing to the arms of their protectors and strong men throw their arms around each other’s necks and cry like children, and passing up and down enquire in low agon-ized voices “Can he live? Is there no hope?” They are putting out the street lamps now. “What a shame! not now! not to-night!” There they are lit again. Now the guard with the drawn swords forces the crowd backward. Great, strong Cousin Ed says “This unnerves me; let’s go up to Cousin Joe’s.” We leave Julia and her escort there and at brother Joe’s gather together in an upper room and talk and talk with Dr. Webb and his wife who were at the theatre. Dr. W. was one of the surgeons who answered the call. He says “I asked Dr. ____ when I went in what it was, and putting his hand on mine he said, “There!” I looked and it was ‘brains.’ “
    After a while Julia and Mr. W came in and still we talked and listened to the cavalry rushing through the echoing street. Joe was determined to go out, but his wife couldn’t endure the thought of any one going out of the house. It was only in the early hours of the dawn that the gentlemen went to lie down, but Julia sat up in a rocking chair and I lay down on the outside of the bed beside Cousin Ginny for the rest of the night, while Cousin Joe and his wife’s young brother sat nodding in chairs opposite. There were rooms waiting for us but it seemed safer to be together. He was still living when we came out to Hopeton, but we had scarcely choked down our break-fast next morning when the tolling bells announced the terrible truth.
    Last Thursday evening we drove to the city, and all along our route the city was one blaze of glorious light. From the humble cabin of the contraband to the brilliant White House light answered light down the broad avenue. The sky was ablaze with bursting rockets. Calcium lights shone from afar on the public buildings. Bonfires blazed in the streets and every device that human Yankee ingenuity could suggest in the way of mottoes and decoration made noon of midnight. Then as candles burned low and rockets ceased, we drove home through the balmy air and it seemed as though Heaven smiled upon the rejoic-ings, and Nature took up the illumination with a glory of moonlight that tran-scended all art.
    To-day I have been to church through the same streets and the suburbs with the humble cottages that were so bright that night shone through the murky morning, heavy with black hangings, and on and on, down the streets only the blackness of darkness. The show of mourning was as universal as the glorying had been, and when we were surrounded by the sol-emn and awe-stricken congregation in the church, it seemed as through my heart had stopped beating. I feel like a fright-ened child. I wish I could go home and have a good cry. I can’t bear to be alone. You will hear all of this from the papers, but I can’t help writing it for things seen are mightier than things heard. It seems hard to write now. I dare not speak of our great loss. Sleeping or waking, that terrible scene is before me.

    [Transcription by Alicia B., Ford's Theatre Society.]

  • Source

    The University of Indiana via Google Books

  • Rights

    This item is in the public domain and may be reproduced and used for any purpose, including research, teaching, private study, publication, broadcast or commercial use, with proper citation and attribution.

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    Julia Adelaide Shepard. "Lincoln's Assassination Told by an Eye Witness ". The Century Company, New York. Remembering Lincoln. Web. Accessed May 5, 2025. https://rememberinglincoln.fords.org/node/1169

from May. 1, 1865

Reception of the Remains at Chicago

  • Full Title

    Reception of the Remains at Chicago

  • Description

    Civil War artist correspondent, William Waud, depicted Lincoln's funeral car arriving in on May 1, 1865. It was published in Harper's Weekly on May 20, 1865.

  • Transcription

    Inscribed below title: The Funeral car passing under the arch. 36 young ladies in white placing wreaths upon the coffin or car, one or the other.

  • Source

    Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-DIG-ppmsca-22520

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    This item is in the public domain and may be reproduced and used for any purpose, including research, teaching, private study, publication, broadcast or commercial use, with proper citation and attribution.

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    William Waud. "Reception of the Remains at Chicago". Harper's Weekly. Remembering Lincoln. Web. Accessed May 5, 2025. https://rememberinglincoln.fords.org/node/1140

from May. 1, 1865

Lincoln's coffin in the City Hall, Chicago

  • Full Title

    Lincoln's coffin in the City Hall, Chicago

  • Description

    Civil War artist correspondent, William Waud, depicted Lincoln laying in state in Chicago's City Hall on May 1, 1865. It was published in Harper's Weekly on May 20, 1865.

  • Transcription

    Inscribed on decorative banners within image: He left us sustained by our Prayers He returns embalmed in our tears; Liberty's great martyr.

    Inscribed on verso: Catafalque in the City Hall, Chicago. The ceiling is draped black & white. The walls draped in folds all black with flag trophies at certain distances. The Catafalque is covered with black cloth & velvet all black with silver fringe & stars. Inside of d[itt]o & the pillars white with the exception of the ceiling inside the canopy which is black with white stars cut out through which the light is admitted to fall on the coffin.

  • Source

    Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZC4-8107

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    This item is in the public domain and may be reproduced and used for any purpose, including research, teaching, private study, publication, broadcast or commercial use, with proper citation and attribution.

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    William Waud. "Lincoln's coffin in the City Hall, Chicago". Harper's Weekly. Remembering Lincoln. Web. Accessed May 5, 2025. https://rememberinglincoln.fords.org/node/1139

from May. 17, 1865

Resolution on the "Death of the President" by the General Conference of Seventh Day Adventists Session

  • Full Title

    Resolution on the "Death of the President" by the General Conference of Seventh Day Adventists Session

  • Description

    This is an excerpt from the Session Minutes of the 1865 General Conference of Seventh-day Adventist, lamenting Lincoln’s death. The Session took place on May 17, 1865 and the minutes were published in the Advent Review and Sabbath Herald in the May 23, 1865 issue. The church’s Secretary was also an earlier editor of the Advent Review and Sabbath Herald and thus pasted the minutes into the Records after they had been published.

  • Transcription

    Third Annual Meeting.
    May 17. 1865.

    DEATH OF THE PRESIDENT
    Whereas, Abraham Lincoln, the noble-minded and upright chief magistrate of this nation, has fallen by the hand of an assassin,
    Resolved, That we hereby record our deep distress at the loss of this "prince and great man," 2 Sam. iii, 27-28, who was stricken down by his enemies at the very moment when he was studying how to forgive them all, and that we recognize in this most atrocious crime the true character of the slaveholders' rebellion.

  • Source

    General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists Archives

  • Rights

    This item is in the public domain and may be reproduced and used for any purpose, including research, teaching, private study, publication, broadcast or commercial use, with proper citation and attribution.

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    General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists. "Resolution on the "Death of the President" by the General Conference of Seventh Day Adventists Session ". Remembering Lincoln. Web. Accessed May 5, 2025. https://rememberinglincoln.fords.org/node/1132

from Apr. 15, 1865

Letter from "Mary" to "Sister"

  • Full Title

    Letter from "Mary" to "Sister"

  • Description

    In this Letter a young woman, Mary, living in Washington, D.C. writes her sister, expressing her grief over Lincoln's assassination and tells of the atmosphere of mourning in the city. She goes on to relate her own account of the night of the assassination.

  • Transcription

    Saturday Morning
    Washington April 15th 1865
    My Dear Sister

    Long ere this reaches you the news of the Nations terrible calamity will have flashed to the remotest corner of the United States of the dastardly murder of our dearly beloved President not in Richmond among his enemies but in Washington and among his avowed friends. The heart of the an nation throbs with greif at a loss it cannot soon repair but if you could look into the faces of those here today you would see that he was loved most dearly by those who knew him best. I have just passed in sight of the house where little less than an hour ago the nations heart and life ceased to beat for its welfare. Oh the agony depicted on the faces of that crowd. Men actualy tearing their hair from very greif and agony. The state of feeling is such that it is impossible to tell what it may lead to after what is past it is not safe to judge what a day may bring forth. The streets are patroled to keep the people (and its not the roughs) from assasinating every known simpathizer with the rebelion. The whole city is being draped in the heaviest mourning the bells are tolling and every-thing and every-body wears the sadest aspect a human eye ever looked upon.
    I was at Grovers Theatre at the time this desperately wicked act was perpetrated at Fords. The alarm was given and instantly the people rushed to the doors supposing the building was on fire people were thrown down stairs and the wildest confusion prevailed. I was never more frightend in my life yet I stood back thinking it was as well to stand my chance of escaping the fire as to be killed in the dense crowd when the excitement had subsided the audience took their seats without knowing what had occured and the play went on for about 15 minutes when the manager came forward and announced that the President had been assasinated and a scene ensued beyond description strong men wept like little children it was a scene which I shall remember to my latest breath. there were few pillows that were not wet with tears of true sorrow while none were visited with sleep, of those who knew of it words would fail to express the horror and indignation which pervades the entire community
    What a change in one short day. Yesterday all was bright and joyous today, gloom and sorrow cover a nation.
    Yesterday was a lovely day, today is dark and cloudy. It seems as if the sun refused to shine on the dark deed.
    I must close for I am nervous and hardly know how I have written what I have. I have changed my boarding place so you must direct to the pension Office give my love to Mother write me if she is not well for I have felt worried since her last letter she wrote so sadly. write soon. from yours
    Off, Mary

  • Source

    National Park Service, Ford's Theatre National Historic Site

  • Rights

    This item is in the public domain and may be reproduced and used for any purpose, including research, teaching, private study, publication, broadcast or commercial use, with proper citation and attribution.

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    Mary . "Letter from "Mary" to "Sister"". Remembering Lincoln. Web. Accessed May 5, 2025. https://rememberinglincoln.fords.org/node/1131

from Apr. 25, 1865

Sir Charles Hastings Doyle to Ulysses S. Grant

  • Full Title

    Sir Charles Hastings Doyle to Ulysses S. Grant

  • Description

    In this letter from Sir Charles Hastings Doyle, a friend of Ulysses S. Grant and major-general in command of British troops in the Atlantic area, Doyle expresses his sorrow over the assassination of Lincoln. Doyle also goes on to thank Grant for his hospitality while visiting him in Center Point, Virginia and invites Grant and his wife to visit his home in Halifax, Nova Scotia.

  • Transcription

    Pray remember me most kindly to Mrs. Grant and all of your staff.

    Halifax, Nova Scotia
    April 25th, 1865

    My Dear General,
    I only returned yesterday from the Island of Bermuda, a distant part of my command, and heard, for the first time, on landing, of the glorious termination(for so it may now be called,) of your campaign against Rebeldom, and also the dreadful intelligence of the assassination of the President and attempts to murder both Mr. Seward and his son, which I heard with dismay and sorrow. Each and all of them having treated me with so much kindness upon both occasions of my visiting Washington - There seems to me to be every probability of the recovery of the two latter, and I hope if their lives are spared, you will kindly, when they are well enough to see you, express to them my very sincere condolences upon all the sufferings they have undergone but, the chief cause for my taking up my pen is, to offer you my very sincere congratulations upon your continuous and glorious successes, How much I should have liked to remain another fortnight with you to have been an eye witness of this wind up of your Campaign. You have gained imperishable honor and glory, and I hope you will live to enjoy them for many a long year to come - In conclusion I have only to remind you of your promise to pay me a visit, and to bring Mrs. Grant with you, that I may have an opportunity of repaying, in part at any rate, the kindness and hospitality you so obligingly bestowed upon me - I hope, the campaign being now over, there can be no doubt of your being able to carry your promise into effect - when you are able to make up your mind upon the subject you must let me know, that I may not be absent from home when you come

    -Yours Sincerely Hastings Doyle General

  • Source

    Library of Congress, Ulysses S. Grant Papers

  • Rights

    This item is in the public domain and may be reproduced and used for any purpose, including research, teaching, private study, publication, broadcast or commercial use, with proper citation and attribution.

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    Sir Charles Hastings Doyle. "Sir Charles Hastings Doyle to Ulysses S. Grant". Remembering Lincoln. Web. Accessed May 5, 2025. https://rememberinglincoln.fords.org/node/1130

from Jan. 9, 1866

A Speech on "Equality Before the Law"

  • Full Title

    A Speech on "Equality Before the Law" Delivered by J. Mercer Langston In the Hall of Representatives in the Capitol of Missouri

  • Description

    In this pamphlet put together by the Missouri State Executive Committee, a speech delivered by John Mercer Langston on January 9th, 1866 called for political emancipation for African Americans. Also within this pamphlet, an address by the Colored People of Missouri to the Friends of Equal Rights strived to make manhood, not color, the basis of suffrage and thanked God for using President Lincoln to emancipate African American slaves.

  • Source

    Daniel Murray Pamphlet Collection, Library of Congress

  • Rights

    This item is in the public domain and may be reproduced and used for any purpose, including research, teaching, private study, publication, broadcast or commercial use, with proper citation and attribution.

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    Missouri State Executive Committee. "A Speech on "Equality Before the Law" Delivered by J. Mercer Langston In the Hall of Representatives in the Capitol of Missouri". Democrat Book and Job Printing House. Remembering Lincoln. Web. Accessed May 5, 2025. https://rememberinglincoln.fords.org/node/1129

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